See przedmowa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "przedmowa"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"vorrede",
"vorrede#Middle_High_German:_foreword"
],
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*perdъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perdъ#Proto-Slavic:_before"
],
[
"przed",
"przed#Old_Polish:_before"
],
[
"przed-",
"przed-#Old_Polish:_pre-"
],
[
"*mlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mlewH-#Proto-Indo-European:_say"
],
[
"*mъlva",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъlva#Proto-Slavic:_speech"
],
[
"mowa",
"mowa#Old_Polish:_speech"
],
[
"vorrede",
"vorrede#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"vorred",
"vorred#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"przed-",
"przed-#Old_Polish"
],
[
"mowa",
"mowa#Old_Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":calque",
"3": "gmh:vorrede<id:foreword>",
"4": ":af",
"5": "zlw-opl:przed-<id:pre->",
"6": "zlw-opl:mowa<id:speech>",
"id": "foreword",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German vorredecalq.\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nOld Polish przed-\nProto-Indo-European *mlewH-der.\nProto-Slavic *mъlva\nOld Polish mowa\nOld Polish przedmowa\n[Appendix:Glossary#calque|Calque]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"foreword\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"vorrede\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"calque\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pre-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*perdъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed-\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }, { \"id\" : \"speech\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"speech\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"say\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mlewH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*mъlva\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"mowa\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przedmowa\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"foreword\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"przedmowa\" id=\"Old_Polish:_foreword\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "vorrede, vorred"
},
"expansion": "Calque of Middle High German vorrede, vorred",
"name": "cal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "przed-",
"3": "mowa"
},
"expansion": "przed- + mowa",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1471"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1471",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German vorredecalq.\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nOld Polish przed-\nProto-Indo-European *mlewH-der.\nProto-Slavic *mъlva\nOld Polish mowa\nOld Polish przedmowa\nCalque of Middle High German vorrede, vorred, from przed- + mowa. First attested in 1471.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "przedmowa f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms prefixed with przed-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "71 5 5 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 4 4 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 6 8 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 4 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "mówić"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 57:",
"text": "Themate przedmową aut ante libros (war. lub. rp.: themate, id est materia *przetdmową aut ante libros; Esth prol.)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foreword, preface"
],
"id": "en-przedmowa-zlw-opl-noun-06SfbbgO",
"links": [
[
"foreword",
"foreword"
],
[
"preface",
"preface"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przymówka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛdmɔva/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛdmɔva/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "przedmowa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "mówić"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "przedmowa"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"vorrede",
"vorrede#Middle_High_German:_foreword"
],
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*perdъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perdъ#Proto-Slavic:_before"
],
[
"przed",
"przed#Old_Polish:_before"
],
[
"przed-",
"przed-#Old_Polish:_pre-"
],
[
"*mlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mlewH-#Proto-Indo-European:_say"
],
[
"*mъlva",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъlva#Proto-Slavic:_speech"
],
[
"mowa",
"mowa#Old_Polish:_speech"
],
[
"vorrede",
"vorrede#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"vorred",
"vorred#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"przed-",
"przed-#Old_Polish"
],
[
"mowa",
"mowa#Old_Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":calque",
"3": "gmh:vorrede<id:foreword>",
"4": ":af",
"5": "zlw-opl:przed-<id:pre->",
"6": "zlw-opl:mowa<id:speech>",
"id": "foreword",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German vorredecalq.\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nOld Polish przed-\nProto-Indo-European *mlewH-der.\nProto-Slavic *mъlva\nOld Polish mowa\nOld Polish przedmowa\n[Appendix:Glossary#calque|Calque]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"foreword\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"vorrede\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"calque\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pre-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*perdъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed-\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }, { \"id\" : \"speech\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"speech\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"say\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mlewH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*mъlva\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"mowa\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przedmowa\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"foreword\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"przedmowa\" id=\"Old_Polish:_foreword\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "vorrede, vorred"
},
"expansion": "Calque of Middle High German vorrede, vorred",
"name": "cal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "przed-",
"3": "mowa"
},
"expansion": "przed- + mowa",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1471"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1471",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German vorredecalq.\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nOld Polish przed-\nProto-Indo-European *mlewH-der.\nProto-Slavic *mъlva\nOld Polish mowa\nOld Polish przedmowa\nCalque of Middle High German vorrede, vorred, from przed- + mowa. First attested in 1471.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "przedmowa f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms calqued from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mlewH-",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Old Polish terms prefixed with przed-",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 57:",
"text": "Themate przedmową aut ante libros (war. lub. rp.: themate, id est materia *przetdmową aut ante libros; Esth prol.)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foreword, preface"
],
"links": [
[
"foreword",
"foreword"
],
[
"preface",
"preface"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przymówka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛdmɔva/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛdmɔva/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "przedmowa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for przedmowa meaning in Old Polish (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.